PG Syllabus

Course No. &
Course title
Credit Hrs.
Syllabus
1)AGB -601 :
ANIMAL CYTOGENETICS AND   IMMUNOGENETICS
 
2+1 = 3
THEORY
Development in animal cytogenetics and immunogenetics of farm animals. Immunoglobulins and their types: antigen-antibody interactions, Immune response, ELISA. Major histocompatibility complex; genetics of biochemical variants and their applications; Ir-genes and concepts of disease resistance including major genes; hybridoma and its significance; concept of immuno-fertility, BoLA, BuLA, TLRs, Interleukins. Chromatin structure of eukaryotes; chromosome number and morphology in  farm animals banding and karyotyping; chromosomal and genetic syndromes, DNA packing in chromosomes, Z+B DNA, FISH chromosome painting and PRINS. RH Panel Mapping. Mutation and assays of mutagenesis; sister chromatid exchanges; recombinant DNA technique and its application in animal improvement programme.
PRACTICAL
Polymorphism of haemoglobulins, transferrins, enzymes/ proteins; preparation of monovalent blood reagent-isoimmunization, titre testing and absorption of polyvalent serum; identification of bar bodies; in vitro and in vivo preparation of somatic metaphase chromosomes; screening of chromosomal abnormalities; microphotography and karyotyping; banding procedures for comparing the chromosomal complement, FISH and PRINS.
2)AGB–602: MOLECULAR GENETICS IN   ANIMAL BREEDING
 
 
2+1 = 3
THEORY
 Basic concept: Genesis and importance of molecular techniques; Genome organization – physical and genetic map, current status of genome maps of livestock Molecular markers and their application; RFLP, RAPD, Microsatellite/ Minisatellite markers, SNP marker, DNA fingerprinting DNA sequencing, Genome sequencing, Genomic Library, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), its types (PCR-RFLP, AS-PCR etc.) and applications; Transgenesis and methods of gene transfer Statistical techniques for analyzing molecular genetic data, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping and its application in animal breeding, Genome scan, Candidate gene approach, Genomic selection, Marker Assisted Selection- basic concept
PRACTICAL
Extraction and purification of genomic DNA, Gel electrophoresis, Restriction enzyme digestion of DNA and analysis, PCR, PCR-RFLP, PCR-SSCP, Bioinformatics tool for DNA sequence analysis, Design of primer, Isolation of RNA, cDNA synthesis, Statistical methods for analyzing molecular genetic data.
3) AGB – 603 :    
POPULATION AND QUANTITATIVE GENETICS IN  ANIMAL BREEDING
2+1 = 3
THEORY
Individual verses population. Genetic Structure of population. Factors affecting changes in gene and genotypic frequencies and their effect on genetic structure of animal popultions. Approach to haracteriz under haracter situations: Viz: Single autosomal locus with two alleles, single sex-linked locus, two pairs of autosomal linked and unlinked loci; Small population: random genetic drift, effective haracteri size, pedigreed populations, regular and irregular inbreeding systems.
Quantitative genetics-gene effects, population mean and variance and its partitioning, biometric relations between relatives. Genetic and phenotypic parameters-their methods of estimation, uses, possible biases and precision. Scale effects and threshold traits.

 

PRACTICAL
Problems relating to gene and genotypic frequencies under different conditions. Estimation orf inbreeding in regular and irregular systems. Estimation of effective population size. Computation of quantiatative genetic effects. Estimation of variance components. Computation of heritability,
repeatability, genetic, environmental and phenotypic correlations and their standard errors.
1)      4)AGB-604: 
2)      SELECTION   METHODS
3)      AND BREEDINGSYSTEMS
 
3 +1 =4
THEORY
Type of selection and their genetic consequences. Response to selection and its prediction and improvement of response to selection. Theoretical aspects of accuracy and efficiency of different base of selection. Prediction of breeding value using different criteria. Combined Selection. Correlated response to selection and efficiency of indirect selection. Selection of several traits. Evaluation of short term and long term selection experiments viz: bidirectional selection and asymmetry of response, selection plateux and limit. Genetic aspects and consequences of various mating systems. Effects of mating systems on mean and variance. Application of various mating system in animal improvement. Selection for general and specific combining ability. Genetic polymorphysim and its application in genetic improvement.

 

PRACTICAL
Estimation of breeding values from different sources of information.Prediction of direct and correlated response to different bases of selection. Computation of breeding values using different sources of information for female and male selection.Compuatation of realized heritability and genetic correlation. Selection index: Computation, Accuracy and response in component traits. Estimation of hetrerosis for different types of crosses. Estimation of GCA and SCA
  1. AGB- 605 :
 BIOMETRICAL     TECHNIQUES IN  
 ANIMAL BREEDING
 
3+1=4
THEORY:
Review of basic concepts in statistical inference and balanced experimental designs. Nature of structure of animal breeding data and sources of variation. Introduction to matrix algebra, types of matrices and matrix operations. Determinants and their properties, methods of finding inverse of a matrix and their application ANOVA, Regression and Correlations, Henderson’s methods for estimation of variance components, Basic concepts of linear models, Least-squares analysis, maximum likelihood; Method of estimation; Generalized LS and weighted LS. Fisher’s discriminant function and its application, D2 – Statistics in divergent analysis. Linear models in animal breeding, Methods of analysis of unbalanced animal breeding data. Adjustment of data. Data base management and use of software packages in animal breeding.

 

PRACTICAL
Matrix applications, determinant and inverse of matrices; Building of models for various types of data; Estimation of variance components; Least squares method for analysis of research data; Collection, compilation, coding, transformation and analysis of animal breeding data by using above biometrical techniques with computer application
6) AGB – 606 :
 CONSERVATION OF ANIMAL  GENETIC RESOURCES
 
2+0=2
THEORY
Domestic Animal Diversity in India, its origin, history and utilization. Present  status and flow of Animal Genetic Resources and its contribution to livelihood security. Methodology for genotypic characterization of livestock and poultry breeds through systematic surveys. Fodder availability; management of breed; physical, biochemical and performance traits and uniqueness of animals of a breed; social, cultural and economic aspects of their owners/communities rearing the breed. Methodology for molecular genetic characterization, diversity analysis and relationship among the breeds. Concept of conservation, In-situ and ex-situ (invivo and in-vitro); models of conservation; prioritization of breeds for conservation. National and international strategies for conservation of Animal Genetic Resources. Status, opportunities and challenges in conservation of AnGR. IPR issues pertaining to animal genetic resources/animal products or by-products.
Registration of livestock breeds and protection of livestock owner’s rights in India.

 

Cters, resemblance between relatives, selection genetic gain, recurrent selection, reciprocal recurrent selection, diallele mating, scale effect, genotype X environmental interaction.
PRACTICAL:
 Based on theory.
7) AGB- 607:
 CATTLE AND BUFFALO  BREEDING
2 + 1 = 3
THEORY
History of dairy cattle and buffalo breeding. Breeds of cattle and haract and their Characterisation.Inheritance of important economic traits. Recording and handeling of breeding data. Standardization of records. Computation of correction factors for the adjustment of the data. Estimation of breeding values of the cows and bulls. Sire evaluation methods using single trait and multiple traits: construction of Sire indices, Sire evaluation under animal model, sire mode; and maternal grand sire model. Open nucleus breeding systems with MOET. Methods of cross breeding.Breeding of type, milk quality and production efficency. Plans for developing new breeds of dairy cattle. History of development of important breeds of dairy cattle. Considerations in the import of exotic germplasm for breeding cattle in the tropics. Appraisal of buffalo and cattle breeding programme. Role of breed haracteriza in dairy improvement.
PRACTICAL
Performance recording – milk recording – Estimation of economic traits – Standardization of records – Index cards – Sire evaluation –Comparison of latest methods – Computation of genetic parameters – Genetic gain – Estimation of heterosis – Culling and replacement.
8) AGB- 608 : 
SMALL  FARM   ANIMAL
 BREEDING  (Sheep, Goat, Swine  and Rabbit)
 
2+ 0=2
 THEORY
Breeds–Economic traits–Prolificacy-Breeding records and standardization. Genetic parameters – Selection of males and females – Breeding systems. Development of new breeds.  Breeding policy – Breeding research – Conservation of breeds.  Culling and replacement – EADR.
9)AGB -609 :
POULTRY BREEDING
 
2+1=3
THEORY
Origin and history of poultry species: Chicken, turkey, duck and quail – Important qualitative traits in poultry including lethals – Economic traits of egg-type chicken and their standardization – Selection criteria – Aids to selection: Index selection and Osborne index – Restricted selection index – Economic traits of meat – type chicken and their standardization. Selection criteria and selection indices – Response to selection – Genetic controls – Genotype and environment interaction – Inbreeding, and its effects on production traits in egg and meat-type chickens – Inbred lines – Strain development – Crossing : strain and line crosses – Introduction to diallel cross – Utilisation of heterosis and reciprocal effect – Reciprocal recurrent selection and recurrent selection. Industrial breeding – Artificial insemination in chicken – Autosexing – Random Sample Test. Biochemical variants and immunogenetics of poultry – Use of molecular genetics in poultry breeding – Quantitative trait loci and marker–assisted selection – Conservation of poultry genetic resources

 

PRACTICAL
Inheritance of qualitative traits – Economic traits of egg-type and meat-type chicken – Procedures of standardization – Estimations of heritability, correlation between various production traits, inbreeding co-efficient and heterosis – Selection of sires and dams – Osborne index – Restricted selection index – Collection and evaluation of semen and insemination – Diallel cross.
10) AGB- 610 :
LABORATORY ANIMAL  BREEDING
1+ 0= 1
THEORY
Introduction to laboratory animal genetics – Breeding colonies of mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs and rabbits. Selection and Mating methods/systems – monogamous, polygamous and
others. Development of genetically controlled laboratory animals – Rules for nomenclature, inbred strains, outbred stocks, mutant stocks, recombinant inbred strains, transgenic strains, gene targeting and production of ‘gene knock-out’ animals. Genetic control and monitoring – Record keeping – Ethics of laboratory animal use.
AGB- 591 :SEMINAR
1+ 0 =1